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Hardness: The Hardness of material is defined as the ability to fight against the hard pressed into surface of the object, mainly using measurements of Rockwell and Vickers. As the principles of the Vickers and Rockwell tests are different, care must be taken when converting from one system to the other.

Coercive Force: Coercive Force is a measure of the residual magnetism in the hysteresis loop when the Cobalt (Co) binder in grade of cemented carbide is magnetized and then demagnetized. It can be used to assess the status of alloy organization. The finer the grain size of the carbide phase, the higher will be the coercive force value.

Density: The density (specific gravity) of a material is the ratio of its mass to its volume. Cemented carbide density decreases linearly with increasing Cobalt content for the WC-Co grades.

Transverse Rupture Stress: The Transverse Rupture Stress (TRS) is the ability of material to resist bending, measured at the breaking point of amaterial in a standard three point bend test.

Matellographic Phase: Cobalt phase will bond after sintering, excess cobalt may exist in certain area of the structure, forming the cobalt pool. If bonding phase is incompletely adhesive, there will form some residual pores. Cobalt pools and porosity can be detedcted by using metallographic microscope.

Magnetic Saturation: Magnetic saturation is the ratio of magnetic intensity to quality. Magnetic Saturation measurements on the Cobalt (Co) binder phase in cemented carbide are used by the industry to evaluate its composition. Low Magnetic Saturation values indicate a low carbon level and/or the presence of Eta-Phase Carbides. High Magnetic Saturation values indicate the presence of 'free-carbon or Graphite'.

Fracture Toughness: Fracture roughness KIC is the measurement strength of samples containing critical defect. Fracture toughness reflects the ability of material to absorb energy in the process of plastic deformation and fracture. Fracture toughness is the performance of strength and the plasticity, which is measured by Vickers.

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